heds-9730, heds-9731 small optical encoder modules 480lpi digital output data sheet description the heds-973x is a high performance incremental encoder module. when operated in conjunction with either a codewheel or codestrip, this module detects rotary or linear position. the encoder consists of a lensed led source and a detector ic enclosed in a small c- shaped plastic package. due to a highly collimated light source and a unique photodetector array, the module is extremely tolerant to mounting misalignment. the two channel digital outputs and 3.3v supply input are accessed through four solder plated leads located on 2.54mm (0.1inch) centers. the standard heds-973x is designed for use with an ap- propriate optical radius codewheel or linear codestrip. other options are available. please contact the factory for more information. block diagram features ? small size ? high resolution ? two channel quadrature output ? linear and rotary applications ? no signal adjustment required ? ttl or 3.3v/5v cmos compatible ? wave solderable ? lead-free package ? -40c to 85c operating temperature ? single 3.3v supply applications the heds-973x provides sophisticated motion detection, making closed loop control very cost competitive. typical applications include printers, plotters, copiers and o? ce automation equipment. note: avago technologies encoders are not recommended for use in safety critical applications, e.g., abs braking systems and critical-care medical equipment. please contact a sales representative if more clari? cation is needed. resistor lens led comparators photo- diodes signal processing circuitry + - a 2 a emitter section code wheel detector section + - b 4 gnd 1 v cc 3 b channel a channel b figure 1 esd warning: normal handling precautions should be taken to avoid static discharge.
2 de? nitions note: refer to figure 2 count (n): the number of bar and window pairs or counts per revolution (cpr) of the codewheel. or the number of lines per inch of the codestrip (lpi) 1 shaft rotation = 360 degrees = n cycles 1 cycle (c) = 360 electrical degree, equivalent to 1 bar and window pair. pulse width (p): the number of electrical degrees that an output is high during one cycle, nominally 180 e or 1/2 a cycle. pulse width error ( p): the deviation in electrical degrees of the pulse width from its ideal value of 180 e. state width (s): the number of electrical degrees between a transition in the output of channel a and the neigh- boring transition in the output of channel b. there are 4 states per cycle, each nominally 90 e. state width error ( s): the deviation in electrical degrees of each state width from its ideal value of 90 e. phase ( ): the number of electrical degrees between the center of the high state on channel a and the center of the high state on channel b. this value is nominally 90 e for quadrature output. phase error ( ? ): the deviation in electrical degrees of the phase from its ideal value of 90 e. direction of rotation: when the codewheel rotates in the counter-clockwise direction (as viewed from the encoder end of the motor), channel a will lead channel b. if the codewheel rotates in the clockwise direction, channel b will lead channel a. optical radius (rop): the distance from the codewheels center of rotation to the optical center (o c) of the encoder module. angular misalignment error (e a ): angular misalignment of the sensor in relation to then tangential direction. this applies for both rotary and linear motion. mounting position (r m ): distance from motor shaft center of rotation to center of alignment tab receiving hole. theory of operation a heds-973x is a c-shaped emitter/detector module. coupled with a codewheel, it translates rotary motion into a two-channel digital output; coupled with a codestrip, it translates linear motion into digital outputs. as seen in figure 1, the module contains a single light emitting diode (led) as its light source. the light is col- limated into parallel beam by means of a single lens located directly over the led. opposite the emitter is the integrated detector circuit. this ic consists of photo- detectors and a signal processing circuitry necessary to produce the digital waveforms. the codewheel/codestrip moves between the emitter and detector, causing the light beam to be interrupted by the pattern of spaces and bars on the codewheel/ codestrip. the photodiodes, which detect these interrup- tions, are arranged in a pattern that corresponds to the radius and count density of the codewheel/ codestrip. these photodiodes are also spaced such that a light period on one pair of detectors corresponds to a dark period on the adjacent pairs of detectors. the photodiode outputs are fed through the signal processing circuitry. two comparators receive these signal and produce the ? nal outputs for channels a and b. due to this integrated phasing technique the output of channel a is in quadra- ture with channel b (90 degrees out of phase). output waveforms figure 2. p c rotation channel a channel b amplitude s1 s4 s2 s3
3 absolute maximum ratings parameter symbol min. max. units notes storage temperature t s -40 85 c operating temperature t a -40 85 c supply voltage v cc -0.5 7 volts output voltage v o -0.5 v cc volts output current per channel i out -1.5 19 ma soldering temperature t sol 20 260 c t* 5 sec recommended operating conditions parameter symbol min. typ. max. units notes temperature t a -40 85 c supply voltage v cc 2.8 3.3 or 5 5.2 volts ripple < 100mvp-p load capacitance c l 100 pf pull-up resistor r l none recommend no pullup. device has inte- grated 2.5 k on outputs frequency f 40 khz velocity (rpm) x n/60 angular misalignment e a -2.0 0.0 +2.0 deg. refer to mounting consideration mounting position r m rop-0.14 (rop -0.006) mm (inch) refer to mounting consideration electrical characteristics electrical characteristics over the recommended operating conditions. typical values at 25 c. parameter symbol min. typ. max. units notes supply current i cc 12 25 40 ma typ. 3.3v 55 85 typ. 5v high level output voltage v oh 2.4 volts when v oh = 2.4v (min)typ. i oh = -0.4 ma @ 3.3vtyp. i oh = -1.0 ma @ 5v low level output voltage v ol 0.4 volts when v ol = 0.4v (max)typ. i ol = 12 ma @ 3.3vtyp. i ol = 14 ma @ 5v rise time t r 200 ns c l =25 pf fall time t f 50 ns encoding characteristics encoding characteristics over the recommended opera ting conditions and mounting conditions these character- istics do not include codewheel/codestrip contribution. the typical values are average over the full rotation of the codewheel parameter symbol typical maximum units notes pulse width error p5 50 e state width error s3 50 e phase error ? 215 e
4 note: these dimensions include shaft end play and codewheel warp. for both rotary and linear motion, angular misalignment, ea must be * 1 degrees to achieve encoding characteristics. all dimension for mounting the module and codewheel/codestrip should be measured with respect to two mounting posts, as shown a bove mounting considerations e a alignment tab receiving hole image side of codewheel/codestrip a 0.13 mm ( 0.005" ) center of rotation motor shaft center - a - rm max. rop rm = rop - 0.14 (0.006) dimensions in millimeters ( inches ) . l c of alignment tab 5.32 (0.209) see note 1 max. 6.30 (0.248) min. 6.50 (0.256) 2x r hole min. 2.03 (0.080) deep min. 1.0 (0.039) min. 2.03 (0.080) deep min. 1.0 (0.039) 4.40 0.13 0.17 0.005 recommended codewheel and codestrip characteristics parameter symbol min. max. unit notes window/bar ratio ww/wb 0.9 1.1 window length (rotary) lw 1.80 (0.071) 2.31 (0.091) mm (inch) absolute maximum codewheel radius (rotary) rc rop + 3.40 (rop + 0.134) mm (inch) includes eccentricity errors center of post to inside edge of window w1 1.04 (0.041) mm (inch) center of post to outside edge of window w2 0.76 (0.036) mm (inch) center of post to inside edge of codestrip l 3.60 (0.142) mm (inch) lw wb wb rop w1 w2 rc ww ww max 3.4 (0.134) l
5 ordering information package dimension heds - 973 lead configurations 0 - straight leads 1 - bent leads bracket option 50 resolution 3 - 480 lpi option option 50 xxxxx yyww c x 50 avago 8.7 6.4 0.14 (optical center) 2x ? 2.00 0.02 1.4 5.0 3.9 r 1.4 10.1 7.5 4.2 3.90 0.10 0.8 1.70 0.15 4.2 3.0 9.8 1.8 3.8 0.5 20.2 0.5 15.0 8.4 part # (refer -05) c = country of origin marking (refer -05 for details) date code 12.6 0.5 7.0 option code pin 1 id ch b v cc ch a gnd lead thickness = 0.25 mm lead pitch = 2.54 mm 10.8 0.5 5.5 0.3 r 2.6 bent version - option 50 xxxxx yyww c x 50 avago 8.7 6.4 0.14 (optical center) 2x ? 2.00 0.02 r 2.6 1.4 5.0 3.9 r 1.4 10.1 7.5 4.2 3.90 0.10 0.8 1.70 0.15 9.2 0.3 5 typ. 4.2 3.0 0.3 6.0 9.8 1.8 10.8 0.5 3.8 0.5 20.2 0.5 15.0 8.4 part # (refer -05) date code 12.6 0.5 7.0 option code pin 1 id ch b v cc ch a gnd lead thickness = 0.25 mm lead pitch = 2.54 mm c = country of origin marking (refer -05 for details)
wave soldering pro? le parameter min. max. nominal values units a solder pot temperature na 260 250 - 260 c b preheat zone temperature 85 120 100 - 120 c c dip in time 5 7 5 sec d solder pot zone (pcb top) na na na c e solder pot zone (encoder lead) 200 na 200 c 120 c/20 sec max. cool down flow 260 c x-axis 7 sec max. y-axis for product information and a complete list of distributors, please go to our web site: www.avagotech.com avago, avago technologies, and the a logo are trademarks of avago technologies in the united states and other countries. data subject to change. copyright ? 2005-2009 avago technologies. all rights reserved. obsoletes 5989-0837en av02-1057en - january 5, 2010
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